Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes, is increasingly a global health issue and the central dilemma in internal medicine. Novel therapeutic modalities, including GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and novel insulin delivery systems, are revolutionizing the care of patients through enhanced glycemic control and cardiovascular risk reduction. These new therapies give internal medicine clinicians more means to individualize treatment for specific patients.
Besides pharmacological approaches, lifestyle interventions and patient education are still crucial in the management of diabetes. Internal medicine doctors are also utilizing digital health technology for continuous glucose monitoring and telehealth care. In combination with the latest therapies, holistic strategies continue to enhance long-term outcomes for diabetic patients.