Substance use disorders represent an increasing problem in internal medicine, with dependence on alcohol and addiction to opioids being major contributors to morbidity and mortality. Internists are frequently the initial contact, recognizing risk patients and starting treatment. Integrated care models that integrate medical, psychological, and support services are showing greatest success in treating addiction.
Increased pharmacotherapies, harm reduction, and behavioral health interventions are enhancing recovery. Internal medicine doctors also are pushing for destigmatization and increased access to addiction services. By dealing with the medical as well as social facets of addiction, internal medicine is taking an important role in managing the world's drug use problem.