The human microbiome has also become a key consideration in internal medicine, affecting gastrointestinal function, immune response, and the development of chronic disease. Imbalances in gut microbial flora have been associated with obesity, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and even psychiatric illness.
Internists now include microbiome testing, probiotics, and nutrition interventions as part of patient treatment protocols. New research continues to uncover how bacteria in the gut talk to various organ systems, transforming our knowledge of internal medicine. By optimizing the health of the microbiome, doctors can maximize the success of treatments and foster overall well-being.